Thin-film lithium niobate (core track throughout the year): The mass production yield of 4-inch LNOI wafers at TDG and Nanzhi Optoelectronics has exceeded 85%. Lithium niobate modulators are being rapidly incorporated into 800G/1.6T optical modules, and surging computing power demand has sparked a wave of wafer capacity expansion. Nanjing University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and South China University of Technology have successively made breakthroughs in low-loss waveguide and high-efficiency nonlinear frequency conversion technologies, pushing conversion efficiency above 25%.
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